Answer 1

Manipulators are operators used in C++ for formatting output. The data is manipulated by the programmer's choice of display.

Some are
1. Endl manipulator
It breaks the line and send output of program to next line

2. Setw manipulator
This manipulator sets the minimum field width on output

3. Setfill manipulator
This is used by the setw manipulator. If a value does not entirely fill a field, then the character specified in the setfill argument of the manipulator is used for filling the fields

Hope you get your answer.