Answer 1

The getters and setters are methods of class
It is use to get a value and set a value
The real life example of this when our application is connected which database we use form to enter a specific record this can done by setter
When we want to find value or specific person the getter can perform this functionality
Like Passport Office
When you want to make new passport they enter or set data
Someone from government department want some information they get information
I hope this answer can be clear your Concept ☺

Answer 2

It becomes insecure any one cange acces easily and change value

Answer 3

One of the main points of a class is that you have a protective case around the data of each instance.

(Let me do it in Python.)

class ProtectedInt:
def __init__(self, n):
self._n = n

def set_n(self, new_n)
if type(new_n) is int:
self._n = new_n

x = ProtectedInt(5)
x.set_n(7.0)

self._n is 'pseudo private', in other languages it would be genuinely private.

If we changed that value directly, like...

x._n = 'Bryan'

... then it would be not protected at all. We have just stored a string in an instance that should contain an int!

By using the setter, the value is only changed if the argument is an int. Like this, you have protected the state of that object.

This is a simple example demonstrating what this is about: You build the class in a way that each instance protects its own data and strictly controls how it can be accessed or modified.

Answer 4

The drawback is that you can freely access the data whichever way you want, so you could also store a value that doesn't make sense in the context of that type (like in my example above).

The advantage of using a class almost disappear - you could just store your data in an array and it would be equally vulnerable.

Answer 5

The concept of information hiding and acces via getters/setters can become important in large projects like banking applications etc. where multiple programmers maintain the software and not just the original author/s.