Answer 1

As far as I know, Python is preinstalled on Ubuntu. Just open a terminal, type "python" and hit enter. If Python isn't installed, the terminal will inform you what to do. Usually something like "sudo apt-get install python".

You can use every text editor to write your scripts and save them with a .py extension. Then you can run them via the terminal: "python myscript.py". There are several IDEs for Ubuntu too (Spyder, Jupyter Notebook, PyCharm, Anaconda Navigator etc.).

Python is not a compiled language, so there's no need to compile anything.