How are programming languages made? Do they use another programming language? What would be required to make one?

Question

Thanks

Answer 1

They are written using other programming languages.
Ruby was written using C. Same for JavaScript.

There's a vast area covering these compiler / interpreter designs.
Here's a small section.
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/compiler_design/

Answer 2

Yes, programming languages are made with other languages. Typically with ASM, C, or C++