Answer 1

same as most other languages. precedence is followed, and if two operators have same precedence, associativity is from left to right.
you can check out this cheat sheet:
http://www.izznoland.tech/cheat_sheet.pdf

fyi, I'm migrating this particular server off old physical hardware to my vmware stack..so it's off and on. grab the pdf while you can, otherwise I'll have the server back up, including the cheat sheet, within an hour of it being down.