Police

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What is Police?

Sololearn Moderators Team

Let's talk about Sololearn Moderators Team. They are pretty close to "Police", because they keep the order in the app.Every time someone is breaking the rules, the moderators are there to fix the situation.
Moderators are part of a team that welcomes and supports new members, ensures that our Community Guidelines are upheld, and adds to the already rich conversations across the forum. Moderators are key to keeping SoloLearn safe, valuable, and fun for all members.
Moderators are not the only ones who can keep Sololearn safe, as a user, you can report codes, or anything that is an offense. Here you can post anything that seems suspicious, and moderators will be checking as fast as they can.

If you want to talk to the moderators, there is an Discord Server where you can find all the Moderators: Want to join a real time chat for Sololearn?

"Being a Moderator is fun mostly, but it can take its toll on you.
You see some stuff from malicious users which are... well...
I try to take breaks for my own sanity."

"We are volunteers and SoloLearn expects us to be transparent. I think that's what sets us apart from moderators of other fora. Much of what we do is centered around keeping spam and clutter away. The other key part is being the eyes and ears for SoloLearn staff. There are many issues that we notice and report upstream because they are outside our realm of actionable responsibility. There are plenty of non-mod community members who help us do our work too."

"We are expected to guide the community, deal with issues, and answer questions to the best of our ability."

"To me, moderators have two main objectives. One would be to enforce the rules and guidelines which have been set in place, the other one would be to ensure that the users within the moderated environment feel safe and welcomed. Most of the times, these two objectives align - When they don't, hard decisions have to be made, either to coerce users into submission, or to undermine the enforcement of rule. As such, moderators work in teams to give rise to a well-balanced judgement."

Our mission is to make SoloLearn the friendliest community ever. We handle a lot of uncomfortable stuff here but we believe in this community. Thanks to the SoloLearn super heroes for all the kindness and support btw 😍

If you are a Mod, and you want to tell me what do you feel about being a moderator, feel free to message me, and I will add your text here.

The police are a constituted body of persons empowered by a state to enforce the law, to protect the lives, liberty and possessions of citizens, and to prevent crime and civil disorder. Their powers include the power of arrest and the legitimized use of force. The term is most commonly associated with the police forces of a sovereign state that are authorized to exercise the police power of that state within a defined legal or territorial area of responsibility. Police forces are often defined as being separate from the militaryand other organizations involved in the defense of the state against foreign aggressors; however, gendarmerie are military units charged with civil policing. Police forces are usually public sector services, funded through taxes.
Law enforcement is only part of policing activity. Policing has included an array of activities in different situations, but the predominant ones are concerned with the preservation of order. In some societies, in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, these developed within the context of maintaining the class system and the protection of private property. Police forces have become ubiquitous in modern societies. Nevertheless, their role can be controversial, as some are involved to varying degrees in corruption, police brutality and the enforcement ofauthoritarian rule.
A police force may also be referred to as a police department, police service, constabulary, gendarmerie, crime prevention, protective services, law enforcement agency, civil guard or civic guard. Members may be referred to as police officers, troopers, sheriffs, constables, rangers, peace officers or civic/civil guards. Ireland differs from other English-speaking countries by using the Irish language terms Garda (singular) and Gardaí (plural), for both the national police force and its members. The word police is the most universal and similar terms can be seen in many non-English speaking countries.
Numerous slang terms exist for the police. Many slang terms for police officers are decades or centuries old with lost etymology. One of the oldest, "cop", has largely lost its slang connotations and become a common colloquial term used both by the public and police officers to refer to their profession.

Personnel and organization

Police forces include both preventive (uniformed) police and detectives. Terminology varies from country to country. Police functions include protecting life and property, enforcing criminal law, criminal investigations, regulating traffic, crowd control, and other public safety duties. Regardless of size, police forces are generally organized as a hierarchy with multiple ranks. The exact structures and the names of rank vary considerably by country.

Uniformed Police

The police who wear uniforms make up the majority of a police service's personnel. Their main duty is to respond to calls to the emergency telephone number. When not responding to these call-outs, they will do work aimed at preventing crime, such as patrols. The uniformed police are known by varying names such as preventive police, the uniform branch/division, administrative police, order police, the patrol bureau/division or patrol. In Australia and the United Kingdom, patrol personnel are also known as "general duties" officers.Atypically, Brazil's preventive police are known as Military Police.

More about Uniformed Police

As implied by the name, uniformed police wear uniforms. They perform functions that require an immediate recognition of an officer's legal authority and a potential need for force. Most commonly this means intervening to stop a crime in progress and securing the scene of a crime that has already happened. Besides dealing with crime, these officers may also manage and monitor traffic, carry out community policing duties, maintain order at public events or carry out searches for missing people (in 2012, the latter accounted for 14% of police time in the United Kingdom). As most of these duties must be available as a 24/7 service, uniformed police are required to do shift work.

Detectives

Police detectives are responsible for investigations and detective work. Detectives may be called Investigations Police, Judiciary/Judicial Police, and Criminal Police. In the UK, they are often referred to by the name of their department, the Criminal Investigation Department (CID). Detectives typically make up roughly 15–25% of a police service's personnel.
Detectives, in contrast to uniformed police, typically wear 'business attire' in bureaucratic and investigative functions where a uniformed presence would be either a distraction or intimidating, but a need to establish police authority still exists. "Plainclothes" officers dress in attire consistent with that worn by the general public for purposes of blending in.
In some cases, police are assigned to work "undercover", where they conceal their police identity to investigate crimes, such as organized crime or narcotics crime, that are unsolvable by other means. In some cases this type of policing shares aspects with espionage.

More about Detectives

The relationship between detective and uniformed branches varies by country. In the United States, there is high variation within the country itself. Many US police departments require detectives to spend some time on temporary assignments in the patrol division.The argument is that rotating officers helps the detectives to better understand the uniformed officers' work, to promote cross-training in a wider variety of skills, and prevent "cliques" that can contribute to corruption or other unethical behavior. Conversely, some countries regard detective work as being an entirely separate profession, with detectives working in separate agencies and recruited without having to serve in uniform. A common compromise in English-speaking countries is that most detectives are recruited from the uniformed branch, but once qualified they tend to spend the rest of their careers in the detective branch.
Another point of variation is whether detectives have extra status. In some forces, such as the New York Police Department and Philadelphia Police Department, a regular detective holds a higher rank than a regular police officer. In others, such as British police forces and Canadian police forces, a regular detective has equal status with regular uniformed officers. Officers still have to take exams to move to the detective branch, but the move is regarded as being a specialization, rather than a promotion

Volunteers and auxiliary Police

Police services often include part-time or volunteer officers, some of whom have other jobs outside policing. These may be paid positions or entirely volunteer. These are known by a variety of names, such as reserves, auxiliary police or special constables.

More about Volunteers

Other volunteer organizations work with the police and perform some of their duties. Groups in the U.S. including Retired and Senior Volunteer Program, Community Emergency Response Team and the Boy Scout's Police Explorers provide training, traffic and crowd control, disaster response and other policing duties. In the U.S., the Volunteers in Police Service program assists over 200,000 volunteers in almost 2,000 programs.[59] Volunteers may also work on the support staff. Examples of these schemes are Volunteers in Police Service in the US, Police Support Volunteers in the UK and Volunteers in Policing in New South Wales.

Special Units

Specialized preventive and detective groups, or Specialist Investigation Departments exist within many law enforcement organizations either for dealing with particular types of crime, such as traffic law enforcement, K9, crash investigation, homicide, or fraud; or for situations requiring specialized skills, such as underwater search, aviation, explosive device disposal ("bomb squad"), and computer crime.
Most larger jurisdictions also employ specially selected and trained quasi-military units armed with military-grade weapons for the purposes of dealing with particularly violent situations beyond the capability of a patrol officer response, including high-risk warrant service and barricaded suspects. In the United States these units go by a variety of names, but are commonly known as SWAT (Special Weapons And Tactics) teams.

More about Special Units

In counterinsurgency-type campaigns, select and specially trained units of police armed and equipped as light infantry have been designated as police field forces who perform paramilitary-type patrols and ambushes whilst retaining their police powers in areas that were highly dangerous.
Because their situational mandate typically focuses on removing innocent bystanders from dangerous people and dangerous situations, not violent resolution, they are often equipped with non-lethal tactical tools like chemical agents, "flashbang" and concussion grenades, and rubber bullets. The London Metropolitan police's Specialist Firearms Command (CO19) is a group of armed police used in dangerous situations including hostage taking, armed robbery/assault and terrorism.

Religious Police

Some Islamic societies have religious police, who enforce the application of Islamic Sharia law. Their authority may include the power to arrest unrelated men and women caught socializing, anyone engaged in homosexual behavior or prostitution; to enforce Islamic dress codes, and store closures during Islamic prayer time.

More about Religious Police

They enforce Muslim dietary laws, prohibit the consumption or sale of alcoholic beverages and pork, and seize banned consumer products and media regarded as un-Islamic, such as CDs/DVDs of various Western musical groups, television shows and film. In Saudi Arabia, the Mutaween actively prevent the practice or proselytizing of non-Islamic religions within Saudi Arabia, where they are banned.

Law enforcement Weapons

A law enforcement officer’s lifeline is his weapon. Guns for law enforcement must be powerful enough to stop criminals and accurate enough to help officers hit their mark. The quality of their guns can mean the difference between surviving to work another day and tragically dying in the line of duty.

Glock 19

Glock is an Austrian handgun manufacturer that prides itself on quality. In 1988, they introduced the Glock 19 to the market. This model quickly became popular with officers for its lightweight design. It was made to be a toned-down version of the Glock 17. Officers wanted a smaller Glock that was easier to conceal. The Glock company responded by making the Glock 19 about four inches smaller on the barrel and about 7 inches shorter in total. This brought the total weight of the gun while fully loaded to about 30 ounces. The best part is they achieved this while keeping the magazine at 15 rounds.
This firearm is popular among law enforcement for its durability, accuracy, and versatility. This weapon has a simple design, which means it is simple to clean. It is also designed to work in extreme temperature conditions. This makes it a great choice for officers in all regions of the world. Officers have also said this gun is more accurate and has more stopping power than its predecessor. These are big reasons why this firearm is a favorite for an off-duty or undercover weapon.

Glock 22

The Glock 22 is the next firearm in line after the Glock 19 and looks quite similar at first glance. The only two aesthetic differences are the Glock 22 is a couple of inches longer and a few ounces heavier than the Glock 19. Launched in 1990, this gun became one of the top guns for military and police by 2006. The reason this gun has become so favorable is it offers more power.
The only advantage the Glock 19 offers officers is the fact that it’s easier to conceal. If concealment isn’t a concern, then most officers prefer the Glock 22. A big reason for this is that it has the capability to shoot both 9mm and .40 caliber ammunition. Before the Glock 22, there was no Glock in between .45 caliber and 9mm. This gun combines the power of a .45 caliber weapon with the size and flexibility of a 9mm weapon. It’s for this reason it can be found in the holsters of thousands of cops around the world.

Smith & Wesson M&P9

Smith & Wesson is an American gun company that has been manufacturing guns for over a century. They made their first gun in 1852 and have since gone on to supply American troops with sidearms in virtually every war since the Civil War. Smith & Wesson has become one of the top suppliers of the world’s police forces due to their prestigious reputation. One of the most popular police issue firearm from this company is the Military & Police (M&P) 9. Back in 2013, the entire Los Angeles Police Department switched over to the M&P 9. If the second largest police force in America thinks the M&P 9 is a great weapon, then that’s all the social proof you need.
What makes this gun so popular among law enforcement is its personalization capabilities. The M&P 9 has a Picatinny rail under the muzzle that allows officers to install all types of custom accessories. This includes things like laser sights and flashlights. It also accommodates left-handed officers with ambidextrous controls. It also offers small upgrades in the safety department, such as the loaded chamber indicator.

Beretta Model 92

Beretta’s claim to fame is that it is the oldest active gun manufacturer in the world. This Italian company has been producing fine firearms dating back all the way to the 16th century. Since then, they have expanded to a multi-national corporation that supplies militaries and police forces all around the world with quality firearms.
The Beretta Model 92 hit the market in 1975. It has the open-side design that Beretta is noted for, and it is constructed out of a lightweight aluminum alloy that is comparable to what is used in aircrafts. This makes it one of the most durable guns on the market. Some officers were complaining that the gun was too bulky, so Beretta came out with the 92SB in 1981. This version was smaller, shorter, and lighter. Beretta also released an automatic model, the 92C, in 1990 so officers would have an equal to the rise of semi-automatic and automatic weapons on the streets.

Sig Sauer P226

The original SIG company dates back to Switzerland in the 1850’s. They got their start by producing muskets for the Swiss army. The owners wished to expand but were limited by Swiss law. They partnered with a German company by the name of Sauer & Sohn and the rest is history. The Sig Sauer brand was officially created in 1985 and has been the American face of this company ever since.
The Sig Sauer P226 was designed as an upgrade to the P220. Its original intent was for military officers, and this shows in the design. It has a larger capacity than its predecessors at 15 rounds. It also has an ambidextrous catch that makes it a favorite among left-handed officers. The extended barrel provides extra accuracy, which is a big reason why agents from the FBI, US Coast Guard, and Navy SEALS all favor the Sig Sauer P226.

Heckler and Koch HK45

Heckler and Koch is a German gun manufacturer that has been making guns for law enforcement since it was founded in 1948. This company prides itself on innovation and commitment to excellence. Their motto translates to “No Compromises!” in English, which is a testament to their dedication to producing quality guns.
Those officers who use the HK45 do so because it is a versatile and powerful firearm. This gun was designed for the military, which means that it was heavily tested for accuracy, power, and durability. Many officers who used the HK45 love the customization options. The accessory rail allows offers to add laser sights and silencers. This is a big reason why it’s a favored firearm for covert operations. Another reason the HK45 is favored is its recoil reduction technology. Offers say this technology cuts down recoil over 25%.

Ruger LC9

Ruger is an American company that has been specializing in revolvers, pistols, and rifles since 1949. The LC9 is a favorite among law enforcement for their personal off-duty weapon. At just six inches and 17 ounces, it is one of the smallest options on the list. It is an update of its predecessor to allow for 9mm capability. Officers felt the .380 cartridge did not offer enough protection.

Colt M1911

The original M1911 was designed in 1911 and was the standard sidearm of the US military from 1911 to 1986. Over this time period, close to 3 million M1911s were made. It is .45 caliber and semi-automatic, which is why it was such a favorite for so long. Although the Beretta M9 replaced it as the standard military sidearm, it is still favored by law enforcement agencies around the country.

Remington 870 Shotgun

Remington Arms, which was founded in 1816, is the oldest American gun manufacturer still in business. They are also the country’s largest producer of rifles and shotguns. This is why law enforcement officers across the nation go to Remington for their shotgun needs.
One of the most favored shotguns is the Remington 870. One of the reasons it is so heavily favored is they take the quality of their law enforcement firearms seriously. Law enforcement shotguns and rifles are assembled by the same group of employees in a separate section of the factory. Each gun then undergoes a 23 station check to ensure every component is up to standard.

Colt M4 Carbine

Colt’s Manufacturing Company, founded in 1855, is one of the most prestigious gun manufacturers in the world. They were the main suppliers of the American forces between the Civil War and World War 1.
The Colt M4 Carbine is not generally your everyday law enforcement weapon, although some departments now carry them in their patrol cars. This gun is mainly for SWAT divisions who face some of the most dangerous situations and criminals a cop can face. This gun was designed for soldiers who needed an assault rifle that performed well at close range. It was designed as a shorter, lighter, and more mobile version of the M16. This gas-operated gun has a both a single fire and automatic option. It also offers custom add-on capabilities like scopes, lasers, and night vision devices. This is a great option for law enforcement agencies to keep on hand for when the worst case scenario unfolds.

Anyone who plans to enter a career in criminal justice should be familiar with these ten firearms. All of these guns are great for law enforcement and do a great job keeping the men and women in blue safe.

Police

What is Police?

Sololearn Moderators Team

Personnel and organization

Law enforcement Weapons

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