MongoDB Article

Introduction

MongoDB is a cross-platform document-oriented database program. Classified as a NoSQL database program, MongoDB uses JSON-like documents with schema MongoDB is developed by MongoDB Inc. and licensed under the Server Side Public License (SSPL).

MongoDB is written in Go, C++, JavaScript, Python. It first appeared in 2009.

10gen software company began developing MongoDB in 2007 as a component of a planned platform as a service product. In 2009, the company shifted to an open source development model, with the company offering commercial support and other services. In 2013, 10gen changed its name to MongoDB Inc.

Features

Mongo Db Contains features such as:

Ad Hoc Queries - Field, range query, regular expression searches. Queries can include user-defined JavaScript functions, and also can return specific field documents or even a random sample of results of a given size.
Indexing - Fields in a MongoDB document can be indexed with primary and secondary indices.
Replication - MongoDB provides high availability with replica sets. A replica set of two or more copies of the data. Each replica set member may act in the role of primary or secondary replica at any time.
Load Balancing - MongoDB scales horizontally using sharding. The user chooses a shard key, which determines how the data in a collection will be distributed. The data is split into ranges and distributed across multiple shards. MongoDB can run over multiple servers.
File Storage - MongoDB can be used as a file system. This helps with load balancing and data replication over multiple machines for storing files. This function is called the grid file system, and is included.
Aggregation - MongoDB provides three ways to perform aggregation: the aggregation pipeline, the map-reduce function, and single-purpose aggregation methods. Map-reduce can be used for batch processing of data and aggregation operations.
Server-side JavaScript Execution - JS can be used in queries, aggregation functions (such as MapReduce) and sent directly to the database to be executed.
Capped Collections - MongoDB supports fixed-size collections called capped collections. This type of collection maintains insertion order and, once the specified size has been reached, behaves like a circular queue.
Transactions - Support for multi-document ACID transactions was added to MongoDB with the General availability of the 4.0 release in June 2018.

Pros/Cons

MongoDB has its pros and cons:

Pros	Cons
Flexible Database - MongoDB is a schema-less database. That means we can have any type of data in a separate document. The thing gives us flexibility and a freedom to store data of different types.	Joins not supported - MongoDB doesn't support joins like a relational database. Yet one can use joins functionality by adding by coding it manually. But it may slow execution and affect performance.
Sharding - We can store large amounts of data by distributing it to several servers connected to the application. If a server cannot handle such a big data then there will be no failure condition. The term we can use here is "auto-sharding".	High Memory Usage - MongoDB stores key key names for each value pairs. Also, due to no functionality of joins, there is data redundancy. This results in increasing unnecessary usage of memory.
High Speed - MongoDB is a document-oriented database. It is easy to access by indexing. Hence, it provides fast query response. The speed of MongoDB is 100 times faster than the relational database.	Limited Data Size - You can have document size, not more than 16MB.
High Availability - MongoDB has features like replication and gridFS. These features help to increase data availability in MongoDB. Hence the performance is very high.	Limited Nesting - You cannot perform nesting of documents for more than 100 levels.

Extra Programs

Databases - RDBMS (relational database schemas)
SQL Databases - mySQL, OracleSQL, PostgreSQL
BackEnd - Node.js
no-SQL Databases - ArangoDB, Cassandra, CouchBase
Programs - Notepad++

Sources

Summary

In conclusion:

If you are learning front end or back end web development, then MongoDB is a good weapon for your arsenal. It is very important to know and use at least one no-SQL database and MongoDB is very popular, it isnt the only popular one out there, but it is the most well known and most people in the web-dev world have at least heard about it. Make sure you learn MongoDB :).