How to answer this code 8?

Question

Hello friends I do not know, why the output of this code is number 8?
Please look at the code below: 👇
https://code.sololearn.com/cGR7eLHGcyiR/?ref=app

Answer 1

The left-shift operator (<<) shifts its first operand left by the number of bits specified by its second operand.
For eg here x = 2 which is equivalent to 0010 in binary when consider for four lower bits.
Since << has 2 in its right operand that means it will shift left operand value '0010' by shifting two bits to the left
ie
0010 -> 0100 : in first left shift
0100 -> 1000 : in second left shift
The decimal (numeric) representatioin of 1000 is 8. So the output of the above code is 8