Which programming concepts can be compared and contrasted?

Question

<h2>Wha different concepts can you contrast</h2>
E.g
Inheritance vs composition
Function template vs function overloading
Pass by reference vs pass by value etc

Answer 1

Lemme get this ball rolling
Call by reference vs call by value
Functional & declarative vs imperative & procedural programming
Iteration vs recursion
Divide and conquer vs brute force vs branch and bound vs greedy vs backtracking vs dynamic algorithms
Linear (arrays, linked list, stacks, queue) vs dynamic (hash tables, trees, graphs) data structures
Classes vs structs
Binary vs decimal vs hexadecimal number system
Stack vs heap memory
Any other ideas? Or am I the only one who cares about stuff like this?

Answer 2

static vs. dynamic typing
compiled vs. interpreted code
time vs. memory tradeoffs
monolith vs. microservices
single- vs. multithreaded
lambda calculus vs. turing machines

Answer 3

Functors vs lambda functions
Virtual functions (dynamic binding) vs non virtual functions(static binding)
Runtime error vs compile time error

Answer 4

To me, this stuff is important because from a learning perspective, It is good to have an overview of what you are learning. It’s like having a map, you should have a birds eye view and zoom in when necessary.

Answer 5

low level vs high level
performance vs readability vs productivity