Answer 1

Firstly, not all languages are used for the same.
Xml and html are 'markup languages' and both are so easy to learn.
In the another hand, the other languages are, they are used for math functions,apps, etc.
I think python is the best to learn. Maybe the easiest.
C++ is so similar to java.
The interesting thing of C is that is a language that is medium/high level language, you can control access memory for example.

PD: I say that python is easier to learn because to write method or object, you dont have to write that all keyword like in java.

Sorry for my bad english and i expect my anwser is usefull.