Answer 1

1st Java came after C. So it is added feature which is not covered by C.
C's 1byte only supports ascii value of range 0 to 255. There are more other charecter standards which require most storage.. Such as utf-8,utf-16,emoji's. which requires 16bits to store for all charecters it provides. So 2 bytes means it can support range of 0 to 65535. So Java can support more international language standards...